Malini's Musings

Hello Probably you found this blog post from a google search on Hidden Markov Models As an experimental biologist, I transitioned into bioinformatics and computational biology and was introduced to the world of algorithms and programming over the past 8 months. I finally understood Hidden Markov Models and wish to share my understanding with other confused people through this Unacademy video.  I have kept in mind two kinds of people while making this video 1. Biologists with no programming or modelling experience transitioning into bioinformatics 2. Computer science students with no biology background curious about the biology part of bioinformatics. In the video (made for GATE exam aspirants) I used CpG islands as example to explain Hidden Markov Models (HMM) concept and application. If you don't know what CpG islands are, no worries, I explained that in the video too. I hope you enjoy this video as much as I enjoyed making it. Good Day! 

Since the 1980s, DNA analysis has been used for medical purposes and to resolve disputes of parentage. It was in 1988, that DNA was first admitted as evidence in court in the case of Florida vs. Tommy Lee Andrews. From 1989 onwards, FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) started accepting casework from Forensic Labs. As a new technology , DNA Analysis had to be shown to satisfy certain well established standards for admissibility of novel scientific evidence. The most common standard is the Frye Rule, although a few courts use the Relevance Test, which is based on the Federal Rules of Evidence. Both standards address the question of admissibility of novel evidence, and rely on expert testimony on matters related to specialized experience and knowledge. Since DNA analysis was already in use for medical applications, the courts quickly accepted that it satisfied Frye Rule. As of today, DNA evidence is admissible in courts of law of all nations, and has been used effectively, especially in...